- γυμνός
- γυμνόςGrammatical information: adj.Meaning: `naked, unarmed' (Il.).Other forms: ἀπόνοιμον ἀπογύμνωσιν H.Derivatives: γυμνάς, -άδος f. m. `naked' (E.); `trained' (E., Attika); collective = `trained men' (Amorgos, Astypalaia, Kos). γυμνής, -ῆτος m. `light-armed warrior' (Tyrt.), with γυμνητικός (X.), γυμνήσιος (Arist.), γυμνητεύω (Plu.), γυμνητεία `light-armed men' (Th.), `nakedness' (Corn.); γυμνήτης, f. -ῆτις `naked' (Lyc.). γυμνικός (ἀγών) `gymnastic' (opp. ἱππικός) (Hdt.). γυμνηλός `poor' (H., EM, after νοσηλός etc.). - γυμνότης f. (LXX). - Denom. γυμνόομαι `strip' (Il.), -όω (Hdt.), γύμνωσις (Th.). γυμνάζομαι `exercise (naked)' Ion.-Att.; γυμναστής `trainer' (Pl.), γυμναστικός , ἡ γυμναστική (τέχνη) `gymnastics' (Ion.-Att.); γύμνασμα `training' (D. H.), γύμνασις `id.' (Poll.); γυμνάσιον `training' (Pi.), `school for.., gymnasium' (Att.), γυμνασιώδης (Cic.); γυμνασία; for -σιον, -σία Schwyzer 469f. - γυμνασίδιον (Arr.) and γυμναστήριον (Gal.). - γυμνιεύω `be naked' (P. Ross. Georg. 3, 28, IVp).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [769] *nogʷ-nos `naked'Etymology: Old word. With dental suffix, Lat. nūdus (\< *nogʷodʰos Schrijver, Larr. Lat. 1991, 274f), OIr. nocht, Goth. naqaÞs, OHG nackt, ONo. nøkkuiðr. Without suffix, Lith. núogas, OCS nagъ (with vowel lengthened acc. to Winter-Kortlandt); with n-Suffix, Skt. nagná-, Av. maγna- (dissimilated); Germ. n-forms like ONo. nakinn, OFries. naken prob. after the n-participles. Hitt. nekumanza (with e-vowel) after the adjektives in -u̯ant- (with -mant- after u). With e also Arm. merk \< *meguro- (cf. Av. maγna-). - The υ from -o- as in νύξ before following labiovelar; -μν- \< -gun-, cf. ἀμνός. We also find λυμνός (H.), with dissimilation for *νυμνός; also ἀπολύγματος ἀπογύμνωσις. Κύπριοι H. (with -γ- preserved). The essential point, the γ-, was explained by Kortlandt (ap. Beekes, Orbis 37 (1994)91) through assimilation in *noŋʷ-nos \> *ŋoŋʷnos. The initial ŋ- was rephonemicized (ŋ was not a phoneme in Greek) to γ-, *γυνμος giving γυμνός.Page in Frisk: 1,332-333
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.